The invention is related to methods and apparatus for providing a
two-terminal constant current device, and its operation thereof. The
invention provides a constant current device that maintains a constant
current over an applied voltage range of at least approximately 700 mV.
The invention also provides a method of changing and resetting the
constant current value in a constant current device by either applying a
positive potential to decrease the constant current value, or by applying
a voltage more negative than the existing constant current's voltage
upper limit, thereby resetting or increasing its constant current level
to its original fabricated value. The invention further provides a method
of forming and converting a memory device into a constant current device.
The invention also provides a method for using a constant current device
as an analog memory device.