Electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection is provided for an integrated
circuit. In an aspect, a dynamic region having doped regions is formed on
an epitaxy layer and substrate, and interconnects contact the dynamic
region. In an aspect, the dynamic region operates as a back-to-back SCR
that snaps back in both positive and negative voltage directions. In an
aspect the dynamic region operates as an SCR that snaps back in a
positive voltage direction and operates as a simple diode in a negative
voltage direction. In another aspect, the dynamic region operates as an
SCR that snaps back in a negative voltage direction and operates as a
simple diode in a positive voltage direction. ESD protection over an
adjustable and wide positive and negative voltage range is provided by
varying widths and positioning of various doping regions. Breakdown
voltages, critical voltages and critical currents are independently
controlled.