The invention discloses therapeutic and prophylactic compositions based on synthetic solid catalysts such as zeolites, clays, silicates, silicas and double hydroxides. These solids can be used to treat numerous disease conditions such as diabetes, arthritis and other autoimmune diseases, cancer, skin diseases, microbial infections etc. The invention also describes methods to produce such products and use them independently or in combination with other pharmaceutically and biologically active ingredients. Such catalysts are designed so to imitate biological catalytic systems (enzymes, antigen presenting cells, delayed active component release, cell organeles, etc.) and are, therefore, biomimetic.