A thin plate thermally coupled to a cooling tube is positioned between a
heating plate and a substrate and is adapted to serve as a heating plate
or a cooling plate for the substrate. The thin plate and heating plate
may be positioned in a load lock for the expeditious heating and cooling
of large-area substrates. The cooling tube may include a first conduit, a
second conduit disposed inside the first conduit having substantially no
contact with the first conduit and containing a working fluid, and an
isolation region disposed between the first conduit and the second
conduit. The working fluid may be thermally decoupled from the thin plate
by evacuating the isolation region and thermally coupled to the thin
plate by filling the isolation region with a heat-conducting gas.