The invention relates to the non-destructive measurement of components, in particular the functional assessment of the bonding of cast-in parts, eg. in pistons for internal combustion engines. With such a measurement or functional assessment, it is a question of assessing the function and completeness of the bonding between the base material and the material cast in or otherwise joined. The quality of the component or its suitability for a specific purpose can thus be assessed and/or quality monitoring of the production process, e.g. in the foundry or during production, can take place. According to the invention, this purpose is served by a multi-stage correction procedure, wherein the measured values ascertained by means of a suitably devised measuring arrangement and method, e.g. using ultrasound, are subjected to a multi-stage determination process, which minimises universally and for each individual measurement the disturbing factors which, being inherent in the system, occur in the measurement and ascertains therefrom the desired results. A correspondingly devised system minimises both error influences, which occur in the performance (especially with the setting-up/adjustment) of such a measurement, as well as measurement errors and incorrect assessments in the performance of the measurement, which occur due to geometrical tolerance deviations or differences between a number of components to be measured or due to differences in the material or structural composition, as well as other disturbing influences.