A method for encoding pixels of digital or digitized images, i.e., images consisting of a set of image dots, named pixels in two-dimensional images and voxels in three-dimensional images, each of said pixels or voxels being represented by a set of values which correspond to a visual aspect of the pixel on a display screen or in a printed image. According to the invention, the pixels or voxels of at least one portion of interest of the digital or digitized image or each pixel or voxel of the set of pixels or voxels which form the image is uniquely identified with a vector whose components are given by the date of the pixels or voxels to be encoded and by the data of at least one or at least some or of all of the pixels around the pixels to be encoded and arranged within a predetermined subset of pixels or voxels included in the whole set of pixels or voxels which form the image.