Systems and methods are provided for reducing heating within
pacing/sensing leads of a pacemaker or implantable
cardioverter-defibrillator that occurs due to induced loop currents
during a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedure, or in the presence
of other sources of strong radio frequency (RF) fields. For example,
bipolar coaxial leads are described herein wherein the ring conductor of
the lead is disconnected from the ring electrode in response to detection
of MRI fields so as to convert the ring conductor into an RF shield for
shielding the inner tip conductor of the lead so as to reduce the
strength of loop currents induced therein and hence reduce tip heating.
Techniques are also described herein for selectively disconnecting the
tip electrode of the lead during an MRI procedure, except during actual
delivery of pacing pulses, so as to permit delivery of individual pacing
pulses to pacemaker dependent patients during the MRI. Still other
techniques describe the use of both RF shielding and tip switching.