A measurement technique for normalizing the sensitive-axis output of a
magnetoresistive (MR) sensor which greatly reduces both temperature
effects and magnetic contributions from the insensitive-axis cross-terms.
Specifically, the normalization techniques disclosed may be effectuated
by direct measurement with no prior knowledge of the sensor constants
being required and may be performed for a single sensor with multiple
sensors not being required in order to estimate the cross-axis fields for
each of the other sensors. The technique can additionally provide an
output proportional to the insensitive-axis field as well as that of the
sensitive-axis and, when combined with knowledge of ambient field
strengths, can be used to determine fundamental MR sensor constants which
then allows for correction of higher-order sensor non-linearities. The
techniques disclosed are particularly conducive to low power supply
availability applications such as battery operation.