The present invention relates to methods for manufacturing manganese oxide nanotubes/nanorods using an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template. In the inventive methods, the manganese oxide nanotubes/nanorods are manufactured in mild conditions using only a manganese oxide precursor and an anodic aluminum oxide template without using any solvent. The nanotubes/nanorods having uniform size can be easily obtained by adsorbing the manganese oxide precursor onto the surface of the anodic aluminum oxide template by a vacuum forming process using a vacuum filtration apparatus so as to maintain the shape of nanotubes/nanorods and drying the manganese oxide nanotubes. The manganese oxide nanotubes/nanorods made according to the inventive methods can be used as economic hydrogen reservoirs, the electrode of lithium secondary batteries, or the energy reservoirs of vehicles or other transport means.